Postgres Parameter Changes: Know When to Restart and When to Reload Postgres Service

There are several possible context values. To reduce the difficulty of changing the settings, they are as follows:

• internal - These settings cannot be changed directly. Some of these can be adjusted by rebuilding the server with different configuration options or by changing the settings provided by initdb.
• postmaster - These settings can only be applied when the server starts, so any change requires restarting the server.
• sighup - Changes to these settings can be made in postgresql.conf without restarting the server.
• superuser-backend - These settings can be changed in the postgresql.conf file without restarting the server.
• superuser - These settings can be configured from the postgresql.conf file or in-session using the SET command; but only admin users and users with appropriate SET rights can modify them with SET.
• user - These settings can be set from the postgresql.conf file or in-session using the SET command. Any user can change the local value of a session.

psql> select name,setting,pending_restart,context from pg_settings where name = 'work_mem';

vi postgresql.conf --> work_mem=5M;

sudo systemctl reload postgresql-15
[OR]
psql> select pg_reload_conf();

psql> select name,setting,pending_restart,context from pg_settings where name = 'max_connections';

psql> ALTER SYSTEM SET max_connections=105;

psql> select pg_reload_conf();

psql> select name,setting,pending_restart,context from pg_settings where name = 'max_connections';
sudo systemctl restart postgresql-15 (Caution: This command needs downtime, as it will restart the service)

select name,setting,pending_restart,context from pg_settings where name in ('work_mem','max_connections');

Demo:

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